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Title: ERP Prisoner Held By Atlacatl Battalion In San Miguel Department
Date: 1983-12-16
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A guerrilla from the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, left, is guarded by a soldier from the Salvadoran army in Ciudad Barrios, San Miguel department, El Salvador, December 16, 1983. The ERP prisoner was captured during a military operation by the Atlacatl Battalion in the coffee producing hills of the San Miguel department and claimed he was forced into joining the leftist guerrilla group.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Military; Counterinsurgency; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Communism; Human rights violations; Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP); Atlacatl Battalion
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0283_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96411
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Forces Hold Rally In La Palma, Chalatenango Department
Date: 1983-02-06
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: An officer from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, listens to a question from a western journalist during a press conference in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. FPL, as a member of the coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, acquired arms and strategic support from socialist parties in Vietnam, Nicaragua, Cuba, and the Soviet Union to fund their campaigns. The FMLN and their political counterpart the Frente Democrático Revolucionario, Revolutionary Democratic Front, FDR, were recognized as the established insurgency in El Salvador and played an integral role in the 1992 peace accords.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Arms trade; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Cold War; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL); Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Frente Democrático Revolucionario (FDR)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0110_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96238
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Guerrillas Find Body
Date: 1983-02-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Three armed guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, stand beside a dead member of the government security forces along a highway near Suchitoto, El Salvador, February 1, 1983. The country was engaged in a twelve-year civil war between successive authoritarian regimes, backed by the United States, and the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The conflict would claim over 75,000 lives before peace negotiations concluded in 1992.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Counterinsurgency; Military; Cold War; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL); Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0108_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96236
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: The Salvadoran Army In Ciudad Barrios, San Miguel Department
Date: 1983-12-16
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Light comes through the wall of an abandoned house in Ciudad Barrios, San Miguel department, El Salvador, December 16, 1983. The Salvadoran military made fitful attempts to dislodge the guerrilla group Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, that controlled the region in the northeast of the country. ERP merged with four other leftist organizations in 1980 to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The group drew its name from Salvadoran communist leader and revolutionary Agustín Farabundo Martí, who led a peasant revolt in 1932 that had lasting consequences for the indigenous and campesino communities.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Guerrilla warfare; Insurgency; Military; Counterinsurgency; Communism; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0129_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96257
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Forces Hold Rally In La Palma, Chalatenango Province
Date: 1983-02-06
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, dance with local civilians to the music of the B-52's following a political rally in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. FPL was comprised primarily of union workers, university students, and social Christian groups and was one of five organizations within the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. Salvadoran guerrilla organizations formed in the early 1970s and experienced broad support, particularly among the rural sectors of the population, as a consequence of increased state repression and exclusion from political participation.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Daily life; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0167_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96295
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Forces Hold Rally In La Palma, Chalatenango Province
Date: 1983-02-06
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Armed guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, disembark from a passenger bus in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. FPL joined the coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, on October 10, 1980 with the collective strategy and demands of dissolving the army and paramilitary security forces and establishing effective national agrarian reform. Despite ideological differences between the five organizations, FMLN became the strongest guerrilla army in Latin America in the Cold War period.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Land reform; Cold War; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0168_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96296
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Forces Hold Rally In La Palma, Chalatenango Department
Date: 1983-02-06
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Four officers from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, speak to local and western journalists in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. FPL, as a member of the coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, acquired arms and strategic support from socialist parties in Vietnam, Nicaragua, Cuba, and the Soviet Union to fund their campaigns. The FMLN and their political counterpart the Frente Democrático Revolucionario, Revolutionary Democratic Front, FDR, were recognized as the established insurgency in El Salvador and played an integral role in the 1992 peace accords.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Cold War; Journalism; Foreign correspondents; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL); Frente Democrático Revolucionario (FDR)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0169_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96297
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Forces Hold Rally In La Palma, Chalatenango Province
Date: 1983-02-06
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, hold a political banner for the coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, during a rally in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. FPL joined the FMLN on October 10, 1980 with the collective strategy and demands of dissolving the army and paramilitary security forces and establishing effective national agrarian reform. Despite ideological differences between the five organizations, FMLN became the strongest guerrilla army in Latin America in the Cold War period.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Land reform; Cold War; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0170_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96298
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Guerrilla Along Suchitoto Road
Date: 1984-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A member of the guerrilla organization Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, stops for a photograph as he walks towards the Guazapa volcano in Cuscatlán department, El Salvador, March 1, 1984. The FPL coordinated attacks out of its main base near the top of the Guazapa volcano. FPL was comprised primarily of union workers, university students, and social Christian groups and was one of five organizations within the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0195_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96323
Rights statement: Copyright 1984 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Guerrillas Along The Suchitoto Road
Date: 1984-03-01
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, pose along the Suchitoto road near the Guazapa volcano in Cuscatlán department, El Salvador, March 1, 1984. The FPL coordinated attacks out of its main base near the top of the Guazapa volcano. FPL was comprised primarily of union workers, university students, and social Christian groups and was one of five organizations within the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0194_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96322
Rights statement: Copyright 1984 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: Catholic Priest Spekas With FPL Officers In La Reina, Chalatenango
Date: 1983-02-04
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Father Renato Pellachin, an Italian Franciscan priest, left, speaks with leftist guerrilla officials from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, center and right, in La Reina, El Salvador, February 4, 1983. During the twelve-year civil war, the Catholic Church in El Salvador often condemned the violence and oppression perpetrated by the authoritarian regime, with some members of the clergy sharing guerrilla sympathies.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Religion; Roman Catholic Church; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Liberation theology; Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0174_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96302
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Forces Hold Rally In La Palma, Chalatenango Department
Date: 1983-02-06
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Three guerrillas from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, show off M-16 rifles captured from the Salvadoran military after an attack in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. Salvadoran women were present in all levels of leadership in guerrilla organizations, constituting their significant incorporation into the political struggle. An estimated 30% of the full force of the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN, was comprised of women.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0172_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96300
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Forces Hold Rally In La Palma, Chalatenango Department
Date: 1983-02-06
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guerrillas stand in formation as they listen to an officer from the Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, during a rally in La Palma, El Salvador, February 6, 1983. FPL was comprised primarily of union workers, university students, and social Christian groups and was one of five organizations within the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0173_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96301
Rights statement: Copyright 1983 Robert Nickelsberg

Title: FPL Guerrillas In Cinquera
Date: 1983-05-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A portrait of a Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, guerrilla fighter as he sits in front of a building occupied during an attack in Cinquera, El Salvador, May 10, 1983. FPL merged with four other leftist organizations in 1980 to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The group drew its name from Salvadoran communist leader and revolutionary Agustín Farabundo Martí, who led a peasant revolt in 1932 that had lasting consequences for the indigenous and campesino communities.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0216_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96344

Title: FPL Guerrillas In Cinquera
Date: 1983-05-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A portrait of a Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, guerrilla fighter as he sits in front of a building occupied during an attack in Cinquera, El Salvador, May 10, 1983. FPL merged with four other leftist organizations in 1980 to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The guerrilla coalition acquired arms and strategic support from socialist parties in Vietnam, Nicaragua, Cuba, and the Soviet Union to fund their campaigns. The FMLN and their political counterpart the Frente Democrático Revolucionario, Revolutionary Democratic Front, FDR, were recognized as the established insurgency in El Salvador and played an integral role in the 1992 peace accords.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0218_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96346

Title: FPL Guerrillas In Cinquera
Date: 1983-05-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A portrait of a Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, guerrilla fighter as he sits in front of a building occupied during an attack in Cinquera, El Salvador, May 10, 1983. FPL merged with four other leftist organizations in 1980 to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The coalition was founded with the primary strategy and demands of dissolving the army and paramilitary security forces and establishing effective national agrarian reform. Despite ideological differences between the five organizations, FMLN became the strongest guerrilla army in Latin America in the Cold War period.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0219_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96347

Title: FPL Guerrillas In Cinquera
Date: 1983-05-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A portrait of a Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, guerrilla fighter as he sits in front of a building occupied during an attack in Cinquera, El Salvador, May 10, 1983. FPL merged with four other leftist organizations in 1980 to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The group drew its name from Salvadoran communist leader and revolutionary Agustín Farabundo Martí, who led a peasant revolt in 1932 that had lasting consequences for the indigenous and campesino communities.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0220_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96348

Title: FPL Guerrillas In Cinquera
Date: 1983-05-10
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: A portrait of a Fuerzas Populares de Liberación, FPL, guerrilla fighter as he sits in front of a building occupied during an attack in Cinquera, El Salvador, May 10, 1983. FPL was comprised primarily of union workers, university students, and social Christian groups and was one of five organizations within the guerrilla coalition Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Guerrilla warfare; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN); Fuerzas Populares de Liberación Farabundo Martí (FPL)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0217_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96345

Title: ERP Guerrillas In San Agustín, Usulután Department
Date: 1983-07-05
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guerrillas from the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, speak with local residents of San Agustín, Usulután department, July 5, 1983. ERP merged with four other leftist organizations in 1980 to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The group drew its name from Salvadoran communist leader and revolutionary Agustín Farabundo Martí, who led a peasant revolt in 1932 that had lasting consequences for the indigenous and campesino communities.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Communism; Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0241_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96369

Title: ERP Guerrillas In San Agustín, Usulután Department
Date: 1983-07-05
Creator: Nickelsberg, Robert
Description: Guerrillas from the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo, ERP, speak with local residents of San Agustín, Usulután department, July 5, 1983. ERP merged with four other leftist organizations in 1980 to form the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional, Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front, FMLN. The group drew its name from Salvadoran communist leader and revolutionary Agustín Farabundo Martí, who led a peasant revolt in 1932 that had lasting consequences for the indigenous and campesino communities.
Subject: Central America; El Salvador; Civil war; Insurgency; Marxism-Leninism; Socialism; Communism; Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP)
Country: El Salvador
Local Identifier: elsalvador_nb_0242_web.tif
URI/handle: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:96370

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